To identify children exposed to hib cases and closely observe them for signs of illness. These infections usually affect children under 5 years of age, but can also affect adults. Influenzae type b hib is one of six types, the most common type to cause invasive disease and the only one which is vaccine preventable. A particular type, haemophilus influenzae serotype b hib, can invade the body and cause serious infections. Infections of the blood, joints, bones, and covering of the heart. A capsular polysaccharide vaccine 8, 9 consisting of the polyribosylribitol. Haemophilus influenzae type b infections hib are widespread throughout the world. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib is a bacterium that causes serious infections before the advent of effective vaccines, hib was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children in the united states as well as in many other countries. Haemophilus influenzae huhmofillus inflooenza type b, or hib for short, is an infection caused by the bacterium haemophilus influenzae. Despite the similar name, haemophilus influenzae type b is not the same as. These infections usually affect children under 5 years of age, but can also affect adults with certain medical conditions. Meningitis is an infection of the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord that can lead to lasting brain. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease is a bacterial infection which can cause pneumonia. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib causes serious diseases manifested by meningitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, epiglottitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis.
Conditions such as meningitis inflammation of the membranes covering the brain, epiglottitis inflammation of the flap and the top of the windpipe and pneumonia can develop very quickly and may require urgent medical attention. Haemophilus influenzae invasive disease under age 5 years. To monitor the effectiveness of immunization programs and vaccines and to assess progress toward elimination of pediatric. Despite its name, haemophilus influenzae is not the same as influenza the flu.
Centers for disease control and prevention national center for immunization and respiratory diseases photographs and images included in this presentation are licensed solely for cdcncird online and presentation use. Before widespread availability of conjugate vaccine in 1991, hib was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, occult bacteremia. The keywords haemophilus influenzae type b, immunization, impact and effectiveness. Pdf vaccine policy depends on locally relevant disease burden estimates. Before the advent of effective vaccines, hib was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children in the united states as well as in many other countries. The bacteria haemophilus influenzae type b hib was the leading cause of nonepidemic bacterial meningitis worldwide in children prior to the introduction of hib vaccine. Hib may cause meningitis inflammation of the coverings of the spinal column and brain, bloodstream infections. The hib vaccine protects young children from the haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria, which can cause severe swelling in the throat that makes it hard to breathe, a serious form of pneumonia, and a disease called bacterial. The 3 older children were fully immunized, but the 3 younger children were not vaccinated.
The most common type of invasive hib disease is meningitis, an infection of the membranes that cover the spinal cord and. The vast majority of hib morbidity and mortality occurs in children hib fact sheet overview haemophilus influenzae type b, or hib, can cause a variety of diseases such as meningitis inflammation of the coverings of the spinal column and brain, blood stream infections, pneumonia, arthritis and infections of other parts of the body. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib is a bacterium that causes serious infections. Haemophilus influenzae disease including hib cdc information about all types of haemophilus influenzae disease. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib vaccine minnesota. Reprinted from michigan immunization update, winter 1998, a publication of the michigan department of community health. Hiberix is approved for use in children aged hiberix is approved for use in children aged 6 weeks through 4 years prior to fifth birthday. Who library cataloguinginpublication data haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. It can also affect adults with certain medical conditions. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib immunization action coalition.
Pdf incidence of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in india. Haemophilus influenzae type b virginia department of health. Severe swelling in the throat, making it hard to breathe. The presenting complaint was a variable duration of upper respiratory infection and fever in most cases. Revised recommendations for the prevention of secondary haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease. Haemophilus influenzae type b infections hib sanofi. The bacteria haemophilus influenzae type b hib was the leading cause of nonepidemic bacterial meningitis worldwide in children prior to the. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib vaccine what you. Serotype b was identified by the nysdoh wadsworth laboratory on january 14, 2008. Infections can be either mild or severe and can include meningitis an inflammation of the coverings of the brain and spinal cord, bloodstream infection, pneumonia, arthritis, skin infections, and infections of other parts of. Meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae type b hib was eliminated in oman after the introduction of hib vaccine in 2001. Hib disease is caused by the bacterium haemophilus influenzae type b. Between 10% and 100% of apparently healthy children carry haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx.
Haemophilus influenzae an overview sciencedirect topics. Fact sheet haemophilus influenzae type b for child care administrators haemophilus influenzae type b hib is a rare cause of serious disease in young children. Despite its name, haemophilus influenzae has nothing to do with the influenza virus flu. The efficacy of the hboc conjugate haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine was evaluated in a study population of 61 080 infants in the northern california kaiser permanente medical care program. Pediatric infectious disease journal, postacceptance, july 20, online pdf. Burden of disease caused by haemophilus influenzae type b in. Vaccine information statement vis haemophilus influenzae type b hib vaccine. Hib infections occur in children under the age of five years, and mostly during the first year of life. Haemophilus influenzae is an encapsulated extracellular bacterium that has nothing to do with the flu or the influenza virus. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib better health channel. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib frequently asked questions what is hib disease. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib basics minnesota. Conjugates were prepared by carbodiimidemediated coupling of adipic acid hydrazide derivatives of haemophilus influenzae type b hib, escherichia coli k100, and pneumococcal 6a pn6a polysaccharides with tetanus toxoid tt, as an example of a useful carrier, and horseshoe crab hemocyanin hch, as an example of a nonsense carrier. Protecting and promoting the health and safety of the people of wisconsin.
During an outbreak of influenza he found the bacteria in sputum of patients and proposed a causal association between this bacterium and. Haemophilus influenzae haemophilus influenzae world health. Haemophilus influenzae type b florida department of health. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib what is haemophilus influenzae type b. Active bacterial core surveillance abcs report, emerging infections program network, haemophilus influenzae, 20. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib world health organization. What is haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease haemophilus influenzae is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in the nose and throat of children and adults. But severe infection can occur when the bacteria get into parts of the body where they are not usually found. Worldwide haemophilus influenzae type b disease at the beginning of the 21st century. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease wisconsin. Thirteen patients with haemophilus influenzae type b pneumonia are reported to emphasise the clinical, radiographic, and therapeutic aspects of this illness. During an outbreak of influenza he found the bacteria in sputum of patients and proposed a.
Hib infections may develop under various forms but meningitis is the most frequent one. Your child can get hib disease by being around other children or adults who may have the bacteria and not know it. Haemophilus influenzae is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in the nose and throat of children and adults. Haemophilus influenzae, type b hib vaccine the hib vaccine protects young children from the haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria, which can cause severe swelling in the throat that makes it hard to breathe, a serious form of pneumonia, and a disease called bacterial meningitis. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib haemophilus influenza type b hib is a bacteria responsible for severe pneumonia, meningitis and other invasive diseases almost exclusively in children aged less than 5 years. Haemophilus influenzae type b outbreak control guidelines july 2011 page 1 of 6 haemophilus influenzae type b outbreak control guidelines infectious agent bacteria. The incidence of haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease is not well. It is transmitted through the respiratory tract from infected to susceptible individuals. Haemophilus influenzaetype b hib vaccine information. These infections usually affect children under 5 years of age, but can also affect adults with certain. Haemophilus influenzae hi disease is caused by a bacterial infection.
Hib vaccine can prevent haemophilus influenzae type b hib disease. The family agreed to receive antibiotics but refused vaccination. Haemophilus influenzae type b outbreak control guidelines. Haemophilus influenzae type b disease is a bacterial infection. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib causes a serious bacterial infection in young children, most commonly meningitis infection of the coverings of the. Haemophilus influenzae type b can cause many different kinds of infections. Haemophilus influenzae hi is a disease that is caused by a bacterial infection. Worldwide haemophilus influenzae type b disease at the.
Hib disease is caused by a bacterium, haemophilus influenzae type b. Further studies on the immunogenicity of haemophilus. Vaccination against haemophilus influenzae type b hib began in the 1970s. Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive disease in amish. Haemophilus influenzae type b hib is a bacterium that causes a lifethreatening infection that can lead to serious illness, especially in children.
966 9 1106 1004 785 900 1333 473 814 378 626 247 1506 228 1459 139 607 285 699 83 895 342 1096 1511 1208 656 1110 1130 1464 715 467 1160 496 1469 1087 766 203 543 581 1195 326 89 325